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Jusepe Gutierrez
Jusepe Gutierrez (also known as ''Joseph''〔Horgan, Paul, ''Great River: The Rio Grande in North American History'', Rinehart & Company, Inc. New York 1954, vol. 1, p.173〕) (born c. 1572; fl. 1590s, death date unknown) was a Native American guide and explorer. He was the only known survivor of the Umana and Leyba expedition to the Great Plains in 1594 or 1595. In 1599 he guided Vicente Saldivar and in 1601 Governor Juan de Oñate on expeditions to the plains.
==Background==
Jusepe was born in Culiacan, Mexico, about 1572. He spoke Nahuatl and was illiterate. He surely spoke some Spanish, but may not have been fluent as his testimony was later recorded with the help of an interpreter.〔Hammond, George P. and Rey, Agapito, eds. ''Don Juan de Onate, Colonizer of New Mexico, 1595-1692''. Albuquerque: U of NM Press, Vol 5, 1953, 416-419〕 Jusepe's is the only account of the Umana/Leyba expedition. Jusepe probably took the last name of his employer (or owner), Antonio Gutierrez de Umana.
In 1593 Jusepe was recruited by Umana to join him on an expedition (entrada) to what would become New Mexico. Umana collected additional soldiers and servants in Santa Barbara, Chihuahua, the northernmost settlement of New Spain, and the expedition journeyed north to New Mexico. At the time there were no Spanish settlers in New Mexico. Jusepe and Umana remained about one year among the Pueblo Indians, mostly in San Ildefonso near the Rio Grande.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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